Pylos and Its Aftermath
Troops from Laconia wreaked havoc in the region, as they spoke the local language, causing fear among the Lacedaemonians. Facing desertion from the Helots and internal trouble, the Lacedaemonians sought to recover prisoners and territory, but negotiations with the Athenians were unsuccessful.
Athenian Attack on Corinth
During the summer, the Athenians launched an attack on Corinth, mobilizing eighty ships, 2000 heavy infantry, and 200 cavalry. Their allied forces included the Milesians, Andrians, and Carystians, commanded by Nicias, Nicostratus, and Autocles. Troop movements involved landings between Chersonesus and the River Rhetus, with fighting occurring near Solygea, a location of historical significance.
The Battle of Solygea
The Corinthians responded quickly to Athenian movements, anticipating an attack; however, the Athenians landed unnoticed. The battle ensued with persistent hand-to-hand confrontations. Initially, the right wing of the Athenians, along with allies, held off the Corinthians before being pushed back. Ultimately, the right wing of the Corinthians gained the upper hand, routing the Athenians, which was exacerbated by low morale among their ranks. In terms of casualties, about 212 Corinthians fell, whereas Athenian losses were fewer than 50.
Athenian Retreat and Subsequent Actions
After the battle, the Athenians withdrew to their ships, concerned about the reinforcing Corinthian troops. Their generals collected the dead but were forced to leave behind some due to the chaos of the situation. Following this, the Athenians moved to Crommyon, where they destroyed and encamped, later advancing to Epidaurus and Methone to fortify the isthmus, with subsequent military actions primarily focused on maintaining pressure in the Peloponnese region.
Preparing for Conflicts in Sicily
Meanwhile, Eurymedon and Sophocles prepared an expedition against the Sicilian tribes after departing from Pylos, acting against the oligarchs in Corcyra. This period was characterized by the division of forces and political maneuvers that defined these military expeditions.
The Dynamics of War and Peace
The narrative reveals a complex interplay of military engagements, shifting allegiances, and the subtleties of diplomatic communications. The rapidly altering mood among citizens—both Athenian and allied—reflects a growing restlessness against Athenian rule, particularly following the successful operations undertaken by allies of Sparta.
Handling Ambassadors and Truces
Ongoing negotiations were crucial for maintaining state relations during the unfolding conflict of the Peloponnesian War. The strategic importance of resources, such as timber for shipbuilding and maintaining stronghold cities, was emphasized throughout this period.
Conclusion
The events documented illustrate the chaotic nature of warfare in classical Greece, the shifting landscapes of power, and the necessity for strong leadership amidst daunting circumstances.
